Luminescent and scintillator materials are extensively used in various industries, including medical imaging, therapy, security inspection, astronomy, and oil extraction. In this study, hybrid nanocomposites based on CsPbCl₃ nanocubes and graphene oxide (GO) were synthesized via a sol-gel method at room temperature. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that all samples exhibited a pure cubic perovskite structure, and the incorporation of GO into the composite matrix was verified by a distinct peak in the pattern. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed uniform dispersion and proper attachment of nanocubes onto GO sheets. Proton-induced ionoluminescence analysis demonstrated a remarkable increase in the intensity and quality of visible emission from CsPbCl₃/GO samples compared to pure GO, indicating improved crystalline structure and enhanced optical performance of the composite. These findings show that combining perovskite nanocubes with graphene oxide is an effective approach for synthesizing luminescent materials with enhanced stability and performance, offering a promising outlook for optoelectronic applications and radiation sensors.