Dengue fever, a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, is recognized as a severe global public health threat. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of this disease is crucial for its effective management. The disease, primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, can range from asymptomatic infections to life-threatening conditions such as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Common methods for diagnosing dengue fever include viral detection, molecular techniques, and serological methods. However, these methods have limitations, such as being time-consuming, expensive, and requiring advanced equipment. Accordingly, the development of novel biosensing technologies especially electrochemical biosensors based on voltammetry, amperometry, potentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry has been proposed as a solution to overcome these problems. These technologies can be utilized as effective diagnostic tools for dengue fever. This article explores the dengue fever disease, its principles and mechanisms, the importance of existing traditional methods, and diagnostic strategies based on electrochemical biosensors.