نانومقیاس

نانومقیاس

ساخت و بررسی فوتوآند بر پایۀ a-CuSnO3 برای شکافت آب در سلول فوتوالکتروشیمیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه فیزیک، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 گروه فیزیک، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
چکیده: در این پژوهش، اکسید مس قلع آمورف (a-CuSnO₃) به‌روش هم‌رسوبی و به‌دنبال آن فرآیند حرارتی سنتز شد و عملکرد فوتوالکتروشیمیایی آن در شکافت آب تحت تابش نور مرئی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ساختار، ریخت‌شناسی، خواص نوری و فوتوالکتروشیمایی نمونه‌ها با استفاده از آنالیزهای XRD، FE-SEM، UV–vis، LSV و آزمون پایداری نوری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که نمونۀ a-CuSnO₃ دارای ریخت‌شناسی کروی بوده و گاف انرژی مستقیم آن حدود eV 34/2 تعیین گردید. آزمون‌های فوتوالکتروشیمیایی در یک سلول سه‌الکترودی نشان دادند که فوتوآند a-CuSnO₃ بر بستر FTO چگالی جریان نوری mA/cm² 17/0 مقابل ایجاد می‌کند که نسبت به نمونۀ مشابه بر بستر ITO افزایش قابل‌توجهی دارد. همچنین، پایداری نوری پس از ۱۸۰ دقیقه تابش مداوم مشاهده گردید. این نتایج بیانگر آن است کهa-CuSnO₃ سنتزشده می‌تواند به‌عنوان فوتوآندی کارآمد و پایدار در سلول‌های فوتوالکتروشیمیایی برای تولید هیدروژن سبز مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Fabrication and characterization of a-CuSnO₃-based photoanode for water splitting in a photoelectrochemical cell

نویسندگان English

Atefeh Rahimi 1
Iraj Kazeminezhad 2
1 Physics Department, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2 Physics department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده English

Abstract: In this study, amorphous copper stannate (a-CuSnO₃) was synthesized via a co-precipitation method followed by annealing, and its photoelectrochemical performance for water splitting under visible light irradiation was investigated. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the samples were characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, UV–vis, LSV, and light stability analyses. The results revealed that the a-CuSnO₃ sample exhibited a spherical morphology, and its direct band gap was determined to be approximately 2.34 eV. Photoelectrochemical measurements in a three-electrode cell indicated that the a-CuSnO₃ photoanode deposited on an FTO substrate generated a photocurrent density of 0.17 mA/cm², which was significantly higher than that of the ITO-based counterpart. Moreover, the electrode retained its stability after 180 minutes of continuous illumination. These results demonstrate that the synthesized a-CuSnO₃ can serve as an efficient and stable photoanode for photoelectrochemical cells aimed at sustainable hydrogen production.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Amorphous copper stannate (a-CuSnO₃)
Photoanode
Photoelectrochemical cell
Water splitting
Green hydrogen production
[1] Shuang S, Girardi L, Rizzi GA, Sartorel A, Marega C, Zhang Z, Granozzi G. “Visible light driven photoanodes for water oxidation based on novel r-GO/β-Cu2V2O7/TiO2 nanorods composites.” Nanomaterials. 2018;8(7):544.
[2] Mosconi D, Kosmala T, Lunardon M, Neyman A, Bar-Sadan M, Agnoli S, Granozzi G. “One pot synthesis of MoS2(1-x)Se2x on N-doped reduced graphene oxide: tailoring chemical and structural properties for photoenhanced hydrogen evolution reaction.” Nanoscale Advances. 2020;2(10):4830-4840.
[3] Seyed-Talebi SM, Kazeminezhad I, Shahbazi S, Diau EWG. “Efficiency and stability enhancement of fully ambient air processed perovskite solar cells using TiO2 paste with tunable pore structure.” Advanced Materials Interfaces. 2020;7(3):1900939.
[4] Abouali S, Garakani MA, Kim J-K. “Ultrafine SnO2 nanoparticles encapsulated in ordered mesoporous carbon framework for Li-ion battery anodes.” Electrochimica Acta. 2018;284:436-443.
[5] Sangeetha D, Selvakumar M. “Active-defective activated carbon/MoS2 composites for supercapacitor and hydrogen evolution reactions.” Applied Surface Science. 2018;453:132-140.
[6] Bai S, Tian K, Meng JC, Zhao Y, Sun J, Zhang K, Feng Y, Luo R, Li D, Chen A. “Reduced graphene oxide decorated SnO2/BiVO4 photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting.” Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2021;855:156780.
[7] Mu J, Teng F, Miao H, Wang Y, Hu X. “In-situ oxidation fabrication of 0D/2D SnO2/SnS2 novel step-scheme heterojunctions with enhanced photoelectrochemical activity for water splitting.” Applied Surface Science. 2020;501:143974.
[8] Butburee T, Bai Y, Wang H, Chen H, Wang Z, Liu G, Zou J, Khemthong P, Lu GQM, Wang L. “2D porous TiO2 single-crystalline nanostructure demonstrating high photo-electrochemical water splitting performance.” Advanced Materials. 2018;30(21):1705666.
[9] Chen Y, Wang L, Gao R, Zhang Y-C, Pan L, Huang C, Liu K, Chang X-Y, Zhang X, Zou J-J. “Polarization-enhanced direct Z-scheme ZnO-WO3-x nanorod arrays for efficient piezoelectricphotoelectrochemical Water splitting.” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2019;259:118079.
[10] Bagal IV, Chodankar NR, Hassan MA, Waseem A, Johar MA, Kim D-H, Ryu S-W. “Cu2O as an emerging photocathode for solar water splitting-a status review.” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2019;44(39):21351-21378.
[11] Khan I, Ibrahim AA, Sohail M, Qurashi A. “Sonochemical assisted synthesis of RGO/ZnO nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting.” Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 2017;37:669-675.
[12] Jamali S, Moshaii A. “Improving photo-stability and charge transport properties of Cu2O/CuO for photo-electrochemical water splitting using alternate layers of WO3 or CuWO4 produced by the same route.” Applied Surface Science. 2017;419:269-276.
[13] Ning X, Lu G. “Photocorrosion inhibition of CdS-based catalysts for photocatalytic overall water splitting.” Nanoscale. 2020;12(3):1213-1223.
[14] Zeng Q, Bai J, Li J, Zhou B, Sun Y. “A low-cost photoelectrochemical tandem cell for highly-stable and efficient solar water splitting.” Nano Energy. 2017;41:225-232.
[15] Ma Y, Xie Q, Liu X, Zhao Y, Zeng D, Wang L, Zheng Y, Peng D-L. “Synthesis of amorphous ZnSnO3 double-shell hollow microcubes as advanced anode materials for lithium ion batteries.” Electrochimica Acta. 2015;182:327-333.
[16] Xie Q, Ma Y, Zhang X, Guo H, Lu A, Wang L, Yue G, Peng D-L. “Synthesis of amorphous ZnSnO3-C hollow microcubes as advanced anode materials for lithium ion batteries.” Electrochimica Acta. 2014;141:374-383.
[17] Kim BN, Seo GK, Hwang SW, Yu H, Ahn B, Seo H, Cho IS. “Photophysical properties and photoelectrochemical performances of sol-gel derived copper stannate (CuSnO3) amorphous semiconductor for solar water splitting application.” Ceramics International. 2018;44(2):1843-1849.
[18] Zhang Y, Zhou L, Xiong F, Tang H, An Q, Mai L. “Amorphous CuSnO3 nanospheres anchored on interconnected carbon networks for use as novel anode materials for high-performance sodium ion batteries.” Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers. 2018;5(11):2756-2762.
[19] Wang Q, Wu X, Zhang L. “Designed of bifunctional Z-scheme CuSnO3@Cu2O heterojunctions film for photoelectrochemical catalytic reduction and ultrasensitive sensing nitrobenzene.” Chemical Engineering Journal. 2019;361:398-407.
[20] Xu R, Deng B, Min L, Xu H, Zhong S. “CuSn(OH)6 submicrospheres: Room-temperature synthesis and weak antiferromagnetic behavior.” Materials Letters. 2011;65(4):733-735.
[21] Cao Y, Zhang L, Tao D, Huo D, Su K. “Facile synthesis of CoSnO3/Graphene nanohybrid with superior lithium storage capability.” Electrochimica Acta. 2014;132:483-489.
[22] Dong S, Cui L, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Xia L, Su X, Zhang C, Wang D, Guo W, Sun J. “Crystal structure and photocatalytic properties of perovskite MSn(OH)6 (M= Cu and Zn) composites with d10-d10 configuration.” Applied Surface Science. 2019;463:659-667.
[23] Bora T, Al-Hinai MH, Al-Hinai AT, Dutta J. “Phase transformation of metastable ZnSnO3 upon thermal decomposition by in-situ temperature-dependent raman spectroscopy.” Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2015;98(12):4044-4049.
[24] Zhong S-L, Xu R, Wang L, Li Y, Zhang L-F. “CuSn(OH)6 submicrospheres: room-temperature synthesis, growth mechanism, and weak antiferromagnetic behavior.” Materials Research Bulletin. 2011;46(12):2385-2391.
[25] Jiao Y, Zhang H, Dong T, Shen P, Cai Y, Zhang H, Zhang S. “Improved electrochemical performance in nanoengineered pomegranate-shaped Fe3O4/RGO nanohybrids anode material.” Journal of Materials Science. 2017;52:3233-3243.
[26] Białas S, Mucha M. “Influence of nanosilver on thermal stability of chitosan.” Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives. 2013;18(18):85-92.
[27] Sun J, Bai S, Tian Y, Zhao Y, Han N, Luo R, Li D, Chen A. “Hybridization of ZnSnO3 and rGO for improvement of formaldehyde sensing properties.” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2018;257:29-36.
[28] Han L, Liu J, Wang Z, Zhang K, Luo H, Xu B, Zou X, Zheng X, Ye B, Yu X. “Shape-controlled synthesis of ZnSn(OH)6 crystallites and their HCHO-sensing properties.” CrystEngComm. 2012;14(10):3380-3386.
[29] Mohanta D, Raha S, Gupta SV, Ahmaruzzaman M. “Bioinspired green synthesis of engineered CuSnO3 quantum dots: an effective material for superior photocatalytic degradation of rabeprazole.” Materials Letters. 2019;240:193-196.
[30] Zhang Z, Wang M, Cui W, Sui H. “Synthesis and characterization of a core–shell BiVO4@gC3N4 photo-catalyst with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation.” RSC Advances. 2017;7(14):8167-8177.
[31] Zhang Q, Liu G, Liu T. “Controllable Synthesis Heterojunction of g-C3N4 and BiVO4 to Enhance the Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Activity.” ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2024;12(14):5675-5684.
[32] Kavya D, Sudhakar Y, Timoumi A, Raviprakash Y. “Thickness-dependent performance of antimony sulfide thin films as a photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting.” RSC Advances. 2025;15(17):13691-13702.
[33] Kyesmen PI, Nombona N, Diale M. “Effects of film thickness and coating techniques on the photoelectrochemical behaviour of hematite thin films for water splitting.
[34] Korell L, Lauterbach S, Timm J, Wang L, Mellin M, Kundmann A, Wu Q, Tian C, Marschall R, Hofmann JP. “On the structural evolution of nanoporous optically transparent CuO photocathodes upon calcination for photoelectrochemical applications.” Nanoscale Advances. 2024;6(11):2875-2891.
[35] Yourey JE, Bartlett BM. “Electrochemical deposition and photoelectrochemistry of CuWO4, a promising photoanode for water oxidation.” Journal of Materials Chemistry. 2011;21(21):7651-7660.
[36] Chen X, Fu Y, Hong L, Kong T, Shi X, Wang G, Qu L, Shen S. “Interface and surface engineering of hematite photoanode for efficient solar water oxidation.” Journal of Chemical Physics. 2020;152(24):244703.
[37] Kim CW, Pawar AU, Hawari T, Ahn NH, Lee DK, Yang L, Sivasankaran RP, Tang J, Zhuo Z, Kang YS. “Defectronics based photoelectrochemical properties of Cu2+ ion doped hematite thin film.” Scientific Reports. 2022;12(1):20972.
[38] Pandey B, Rani S, Roy SC. “A scalable approach for functionalization of TiO2 nanotube arrays with g-C3N4 for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance.” Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2020;846:155881.
[39] Morais A, Longo C, Araujo JR, Barroso M, Durrant JR, Nogueira AF. “Nanocrystalline anatase TiO2/reduced graphene oxide composite films as photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting studies: the role of reduced graphene oxide.” Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2016;18(4):2608-2616.
دوره 12، شماره 4
زمستان 1404
صفحه 399-411

  • تاریخ دریافت 23 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 29 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 23 آذر 1404